GERD, or Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, is a chronic digestive disorder characterized by the frequent and persistent backflow of stomach acid and contents into the esophagus. This condition often results in symptoms such as heartburn, chest pain, and discomfort. Over time, untreated GERD can lead to complications, including esophagitis, ulcers, and even an increased risk of esophageal cancer. People who have sleep issues have been known to have a higher risk of having GERD.
GERD is primarily caused by a weakened lower esophageal sphincter which is a ring of muscle that separates the stomach from the esophagus. When the muscle fails to function properly, stomach acid can flow back into the esophagus leading to the symptoms and damage associated with GERD. Several factors can contribute to this weakening. Consumption of chocolate, acidic, spicy or fatty foods, obesity, hiatal hernias, smoking, carbonated beverages, alcohol and caffeine intake.
Lifestyle modifications, dietary changes, and medications are commonly used to manage and alleviate symptoms associated with GERD.
GERD symptoms can feel like a burning sensation in the chest that often radiates up toward the throat, commonly referred to as heartburn. It may also involve regurgitation of stomach acid or food, leading to a sour or bitter taste in the mouth. Those with GERD symptoms will often experience the following: Chest pain, heartburn, regurgitation, and chronic cough.
A GERD diagnosis evolves around identifiable symptoms and patient history alongside an examination. Often, initial GERD diagnoses are based on symptom responses to lifestyle changes and prescribed medications. For those who do not get better after medication and lifestyle changes, an upper endoscopy may be conducted to visually examine the esophageal lining, looking for signs of irritation or damage. Additional diagnostic tests may be done to confirm a GERD diagnosis. If you believe you are suffering from GERD ask your primary care doctor for a referral to ENT Center of Excellence and let Dr. Gary Buxa or Dr. Richard Bergstrom help you.
